However, fleas are not the only instigator of constant itching. Many owners are not aware that there is another harmful parasite that can result in severe itching, hair loss, and infection: dog mites.
These tiny, spider-like parasites are hard to detect and are able live anywhere on your dog. In fact, in small populations, neither you nor your dog may be aware them. It is when the population grows that mites become problematic.
Unlike fleas, which are visible as black specks on the skin and coat, mites are microscopic parasites that burrow under the skin through hair follicles and oil glands?
There are several species of mites, and knowing the type of mite your dog has is important for proper treatment. The best solution to the problem of mites, however, is to catch the condition early.
Types of Mites
Demodex canis and Sarcoptes canis are the most common dog mites, and the skin irritations and hair loss caused by these is often referred to as mange.
However, there is one striking difference between the Demodex and Sarcoptes mites: Sarcoptes mites are highly contagious. Known as Scabies mites, they can be passed between both dogs and cats, and sometimes even to humans.
A less severe type of mange is the result of fur mites (Cheyletiella), which is typically called white dandruff due to the white flakes that appear on a dog’s back and neck.
Ear mites are another common dog mite, with frequent scratching around the ears and the dark debris inside the canal being common indicators of an infestation. In addition to the infections that all mites can cause, ear mites may actually burst the eardrum, which can result in hearing loss.
Treatment for Mites
There are numerous products available for the treatment of dog mites, but the most common treatment is a medicated dip containing Mitaban, a potent insecticide available only by prescription.
This can be done at home, but Mitaban cannot be purchased over the counter. Topical ointments may be used for infestations that appear localized. Medicated shampoos may seem like they would be a viable treatment, but keep in mind that the over the counter shampoos treat only the symptoms and do not kill the mites.
However, over the counter ear mite medication has proven to be effective in the treatment of ear mites. Mineral oil is a common natural treatment for ear mites, as is yellow dock tea.
Inflamed skin and persistent scratching are warning signs that your dog may have mites, and if left untreated these conditions can lead to serious infection.
As there are several different types of mites, it is important to know which type of mite your dog has before you begin treatment. Treating the wrong type of mite may not only be ineffective, but may be harmful.
Speaking to your vet is important in determining which type of infestation you are dealing with, and which method of treatment will be most effective.
Remember that while over the counter shampoos may be effective in soothing the irritations caused by mites, prescription-only products may be necessary for killing them. Over the counter products have been shown to be an effective treatment for ear mites, however, catching the condition early is crucial in preventing the infestation of mites from leading to more serious conditions in your dog.